| Easy | Moderate | Heavy | |
| The frequency of attacks | Not more than 1 time per month | 3-4 times a month | Several times a week or daily |
| Clinical characteristics of seizures | Episodic, rapidly disappearing, light | Seizures of moderate severity occur with distinct impaired respiratory function | Persistent symptoms: severe seizures, asthmatic conditions |
| Night attacks | Missing or rare | 2-3 times a week | Almost daily |
| Exercise tolerance, activity and sleep disturbance | Not changed | Decreased exercise tolerance | Significant reduction in exercise tolerance |
| Index FEV1 and PEF in acute | 80% of the due value and more | 60-80% of the due value | Less than 60% |
| Daily fluctuations in bronchial conductivity | No more than 20% | 20-30% | Over 30% |
| Characterization of periods of remission | Symptoms are absent, normal HPF | Incomplete clinical and laboratory remission | Incomplete clinical and functional remission (DN of varying severity) |
| The duration of periods of remission | 3 months or more | Less than 3 months | 1-2 months |
| Physical development | Not broken | Not broken | Perhaps the lag and disharmony of physical development |
| The method of stopping attacks | Attacks are eliminated spontaneously or with a single application of bronchodilators (in inhalations, inside) | Attacks are stopped by bronchodilators (in inhalations and parenteral), according to indications prescribed – corticosteroid drugs inside | Attacks are stopped by the introduction of parenteral bronchospasmolytics in combination with corticosteroids in a hospital setting, often in the IT department |
| Basic anti-inflammatory therapy | Sodium cromglycate, sodium nedocromil | Sodium cromglycate or sodium nedocromil, in some patients – inhaled corticosteroids | Inhaled and systemic corticosteroids |
Clinical parameters characterizing the severity of an attack of bronchial asthma:
- Breathing rate
- Involvement of the auxiliary muscles in the act of breathing
- Wheezing intensity
- Bloating
- The nature and behavior of breathing in the lungs (with auscultation)
- Heart rate
- Forced situation
- Behavior change
- The degree of restriction of physical activity
- The volume of therapy (drugs and methods of their administration) used to stop the attack
Graduation:
- Mild attack
- Moderate seizure
- Severe attack
- Extremely severe attack (asthmatic status)
Criteria for assessing the severity of an attack of bronchial asthma in children.
| Signs | Easy | Medium heavy | Heavy | The threat of respiratory arrest (status astmaticus) |
| Physical activity | Saved | Limited | Forced situation | Missing |
| Colloquial speech | Saved | Limited pronounce individual words | It is difficult | Missing |
| Sphere of consciousness | Sometimes arousal | Excitation | Arousal, fear, “respiratory panic” | Confusion, hypoxic or hypoxic-hypercapnic coma |
| Breathing rate | Rapid breathing | Severe expiratory dyspnea | Pronounced expiratory dyspnea | Tachypal or bradypic |
| Involvement of auxiliary muscles, smoothing of the jugular fossa | Mildly expressed | Expressed | Pronounced | Paradoxical Thoracoabdominal Respiration |
| Wheezing | Mildly expressed | Expressed | Pronounced | “Silent light”, lack of breathing noises |
| Heart rate | Increased | Increased | Sharply increased | Bradycardia |
| FEV1 and PEF from normal or best patient values | More than 80% | 60-80% | Less than 60% of normal | |
| Ra O2 | Normal values | More than 60 mm Hg. Art. | Less than 60 mmHg | |
| Ra CO2 | Less than 45 mmHg | Less than 45 mmHg Art. | More than 45 mmHg |