Criteria for the severity of bronchial asthma in children

 

  Easy Moderate Heavy
The frequency of attacks Not more than 1 time per month 3-4 times a month Several times a week or daily
Clinical characteristics of seizures Episodic, rapidly disappearing, light Seizures of moderate severity occur with distinct impaired respiratory function Persistent symptoms: severe seizures, asthmatic conditions
Night attacks Missing or rare 2-3 times a week Almost daily
Exercise tolerance, activity and sleep disturbance Not changed Decreased exercise tolerance Significant reduction in exercise tolerance
Index FEV1 and PEF in acute 80% of the due value and more 60-80% of the due value Less than 60%
Daily fluctuations in bronchial conductivity No more than 20% 20-30% Over 30%
Characterization of periods of remission Symptoms are absent, normal HPF Incomplete clinical and laboratory remission Incomplete clinical and functional remission (DN of varying severity)
The duration of periods of remission 3 months or more Less than 3 months 1-2 months
Physical development Not broken Not broken Perhaps the lag and disharmony of physical development
The method of stopping attacks Attacks are eliminated spontaneously or with a single application of bronchodilators (in inhalations, inside) Attacks are stopped by bronchodilators (in inhalations and parenteral), according to indications prescribed – corticosteroid drugs inside Attacks are stopped by the introduction of parenteral bronchospasmolytics in combination with corticosteroids in a hospital setting, often in the IT department
Basic anti-inflammatory therapy Sodium cromglycate, sodium nedocromil Sodium cromglycate or sodium nedocromil, in some patients – inhaled corticosteroids Inhaled and systemic corticosteroids

 

Clinical parameters characterizing the severity of an attack of bronchial asthma:

  1. Breathing rate
  2. Involvement of the auxiliary muscles in the act of breathing
  3. Wheezing intensity
  4. Bloating
  5. The nature and behavior of breathing in the lungs (with auscultation)
  6. Heart rate
  7. Forced situation
  8. Behavior change
  9. The degree of restriction of physical activity
  10. The volume of therapy (drugs and methods of their administration) used to stop the attack

Graduation:

  • Mild attack
  • Moderate seizure
  • Severe attack
  • Extremely severe attack (asthmatic status)

Criteria for assessing the severity of an attack of bronchial asthma in children.

Signs Easy Medium heavy Heavy The threat of respiratory arrest (status astmaticus)
Physical activity Saved Limited Forced situation Missing
Colloquial speech Saved Limited pronounce individual words It is difficult Missing
Sphere of consciousness Sometimes arousal Excitation Arousal, fear, “respiratory panic” Confusion, hypoxic or hypoxic-hypercapnic coma
Breathing rate Rapid breathing Severe expiratory dyspnea Pronounced expiratory dyspnea Tachypal or bradypic
Involvement of auxiliary muscles, smoothing of the jugular fossa Mildly expressed Expressed Pronounced Paradoxical Thoracoabdominal Respiration
Wheezing Mildly expressed Expressed Pronounced “Silent light”, lack of breathing noises
Heart rate Increased Increased Sharply increased Bradycardia
FEV1 and PEF from normal or best patient values More than 80% 60-80% Less than 60% of normal  
Ra O2 Normal values More than 60 mm Hg. Art. Less than 60 mmHg  
Ra CO2 Less than 45 mmHg Less than 45 mmHg Art. More than 45 mmHg  

 

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